EVROPSKA UNIJA KAO AKTER U MEĐUNARODNIM ODNOSIMA: MOĆ DISKURSA

Dejana M. Vukasović

Sažetak

U savremenoj akademskoj literaturi postoji mnoštvo definicija koje nastoje da ukažu na specifičnost EU kao aktera u međunarodnim odnosima. U ovom radu, autorka se oslanja na poststrukturalističko stanovište u međunarodnim odnosima, te polazi od stava da EU ne poseduje prediskurzivan identitet, već je njen identitet izgrađen kroz diskurs. U skladu sa poststrukturalističkim stanovištem, autorka zastupa stav da identitet EU zahteva “spoljašnjeg drugog” koga istovremeno i konstruiše. Rad je stoga usmeren na moć koja se nalazi u osnovi odnosa „ja–drugi”, te na predstave i prakse koje omogućavaju izgradnju superiornosti i inferiornosti u ovom odnosu. U prvom delu rada predstavljaju se osnove poststrukturalističkog stanovišta u međunarodnim odnosima i studijama evropske integracije. Drugi i treći deo rada analiziraju diskurse EU kao zajednice vrednosti i globalnog aktera. U fokusu analize su izjave zvaničnika EU i strateška dokumenta koja definišu EU kao aktera na međunarodnoj sceni. Kroz ove diskurse, EU proizvodi „znanje” o svojoj superiornosti u odnosu na spoljašnje druge, čime se obezbeđuje legitimitet reprezentativnih praksi. Zaključuje se da diskurzivna konstrukcija EU kao aktera u međunarodnim odnosima nužno ne zahteva konstruisanje drugog kao radikalno različitog, sa jasnim granicama između EU i drugih, već da i izgradnja fluidnih granica između EU i njenih ambivalentnih drugih može takođe dovesti do delovanja EU kao modernog aktera, nalik državi.

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